The Success of Judaism Essay - 2122 Words

Judaism has survived throughout history by being flexible and by admitting foreign influences into its practice. Its success in the 21st century depends on its ability to continue doing this in response to the pressures of modernity. Judaism has endured the challenges imposed upon it, by its ability to preserve deep-rooted traditions of the past. It is through maintaining customs from preceding times that defines the foundations of modern day Jewish practice, be it through observance, prayer or habit. In combination to this, its capacity to be versatile and incorporate outside influence has served to maintain its popularity as a major world faith. In order to continue its future religious success, Judaism must persist upholding the†¦show more content†¦It is through the participation of such traditions that identifies Jewish practice. Judaism has continued to exist through the desire to maintain tradition through historical descent. As Jacob Neusner states, â€Å"the Judaic religious tradition is shaped by the historical life of the Jewish people† therefore indicating how elements of Jewish historical significance have acted in forming and strengthening an attachment to the faith. This is evident when referring to various periods such as the destruction of the second Temple and the Holocaust. The destruction of the Temple led Jews to consolidate their beliefs through the emergence of Rabbinic Judaism and the tragedy of the Holocaust has stood for and continues to stand for an attachment to the faith. â€Å"Poll after poll of American Jews in the 1990s found that the Holocaust surpassed Israel, Judaism, or any other factor as the basis of the Jewish Identity.† Such moments of historical significance represent an increased strength of faith in times of adversity. In combination to the preservation of tradition to explain the survival of the faith, it is also evident that its continuing presence is determined through its ability to subject itself to change through time. This is evident through the emergence of various strands of Judaism that emerged after Jews were emancipated in Europe. As revealed through the surfacing of Reform Judaism with its popularity, in nineteenth century Germany, the religion has survived throughShow MoreRelatedParadigms Of The Jewish Culture967 Words   |  4 PagesParadigms in Jewish Culture Judaism is one of the oldest religions in the world. Jewish religious movements, sometimes referred to as denominations, can be looked at in terms of paradigm shifts in the Jewish Culture. Jewish denominations include different groups of Jews that have developed since the ancient times. In the United States, these denominations took the form of three large groups known as Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform. While each denomination keeps to certain core beliefs, thereRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1052 Words   |  5 PagesAubrey Fletcher 3/9/15 Humanities Professor Michaud 417868 Judaism, Christianity, and Islam There are roughly 4,200 different religions in the world today, among them the largest are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These three religions are more similar then one would think. Christianity is the largest religion in the world with 2 billion followers and are called Christians. Islam is the second largest religion in the world with 1.3 billion followers. They are called Muslims, which means â€Å"oneRead MoreThe Role of Judaism in Family Relationships: Article Analysis1235 Words   |  5 PagesKrieger, Aliza. The Role of Judaism in Family Relationships. Introduction: According to Aliza Krieger, author of the article titled The Role of Judaism in Family Relationships, because Judaism plays an important role in a Jewish persons identity, Judaism should be incorporated into family-based therapy. Judaism itself is more than just a persons religious beliefs, it is also part of a Jewish persons ethnicity and culture as well. And because Judaism plays an important role in familyRead MoreJudiasm Essay638 Words   |  3 PagesJudiasm Judaism was a parent of Christianity, and we probably know more about it than any other religion, excluding our own, right off the top of our heads. The ancestors of the Jews, called the Israelites, established a kingdom in Canaan-the land of Milk and Honey. The Israelites first began to see themselves in a special relationship with their God at about 1000 B.C.E. God had selected them to be a Chosen People. God had offered the Chosen People a covenant, or special agreementRead MoreAnalysis Of Schleiermacher s On Religion1495 Words   |  6 PagesFrom this, one could argue that many other religions share this ‘higher meditation’, for example, Judaism which can see to do this through their prophets. Schleiermacher s response to this would be that these prophets are a key feature of being a successful reflection of religion, they are not in themselves divine and so the fact that Christianity has a divine prophet gives it standing over Judaism. By this one means that Christ is central to Schleiermacher’s appreciation for Christianity becauseRead MoreA Brief Biography of Ana Sokolow1470 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant for dancers and choreographers to speak up for what they believe in and disseminate their message throughout the world of the arts, and Sokolow was one of those who did this with great success. Through her unique style of movement, her eye-opening piece Rooms, and her own personal connection to Judaism, Anna Sokolow’s inspirations and works come together to address a powerful issue in Jewish society and culture during her time. Anna Sokolow was born on February 9, 1910, in Hartford, ConnecticutRead MoreThe Age Of Reason By Judaism1449 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the â€Å"Age of Reason†, Judaism was forced to re-evaluate its core values in response to acculturation and assimilation. The question of emancipation and participation in their new countries brought the Jewish community to a crossroads as they had to determine how far they would veer away from their Jewish values in efforts to fit into the new societies. Jewish philosophers were forced to offer options to the different sects of Judaism that correspond with those sects core values and ethicsRead MoreThe Origins Of Judaism, Christianity And Islam Essay1345 Words   |  6 PagesThe origins of Judaism, Christianity and Islam happened within an area of the world that was the center of all nations; the Middle East. These faiths have a core religious belief system that includes religious writings, holy sites and figures. The religion of the Jewish people is referred to as Judaism and is considered one of the oldest religions, beginning over 4,000 years ago in an area of land called Mesopotamia. Abraham, known to the Jews as the father of their faith, entered the land ofRead MoreThe Gospel Of John Of Course866 Words   |  4 Pagesmere and meaningless abstraction. But was the Judaism of Jesus himself the same as the Judaism portrayed in the gospel of John? Moreover, was the relationship of Jesus to Judaism the same? Apparently not, but the Dead Sea Scrolls revealed the existence of a Palestinian Judaism with some affinities with Johannine theological language. Yet this fact, although important did not lead to immediate success in a situating John in or in relation to Judaism (Smith 3). Secondly, the literary issues in theRead MoreAnalysis Of Schleiermacher s On Religion1499 Words   |  6 PagesFrom this, one could argue that many other religions share this ‘higher meditation’, for example, Judaism which can be seen to do this through their prophets. Schleiermacher s response to this would be that these prophets are a key feature of being a successful reflection of religion, they are not in themselves divine and so the fact that Christianity has a divine prophet gives it standing over Judaism. By this one means that Jesus is central to Schleiermacher’s appreciation for Christianity as he

James Otis s No Taxation Without Representation Essay

England s introduction of the intolerable acts upon American colonists created a ripple effect which they did not anticipate, which completely changed the views of many colonists. These colonists went on to become the voices that fueled the American Revolutionary War and spread the messages of liberty, freedom, and a new way of life. Some voices stood out more so than the rest, their names became etched in our history books their thoughts and beliefs paving the way for the Revolution. One such colonist is James Otis wrote a series of patriotic pamphlets outlining his views on the colonies state of affairs , one of those pamphlets is The Rights of British Colonies Asserted and Proved written in 1763. In The Rights of British Colonies Asserted and Proved James Otis outlines his perspectives on government s rights and the rights of the people , these perspectives revolutionized colonial opinions and made famous the quote† no taxation without representation.† James Otis was born in 1725 and died in 1783 during that time he lived an eventful and meaningful life. James Otis graduated from Harvard in 1743 and became a successful lawyer in Boston, his experience in law played a large role in his understanding and opinions of the events leading up to the American Revolution. He became a representative to the Massachusetts House of Representatives, and was famous for his argument against the renewal of writs of assistance in 1761(1). He was a strong opponent ofShow MoreRelatedStamp Act of 17651867 Words   |  8 PagesTaxation without Representation Ryan Vote March 8, 2010 U.S. History It can easily be said that the Stamp Act of 1765 was the beginning of the revolution for the colonies of North America. Before the Stamp Act, there were other failed attempts to tax the colonies by the British parliament. Each attempt to gain money from the colonies was unlawful because there was a lack of representation from Parliament. The Stamp Act of 1765 was very detailed and expensive for the colonists. The Stamp Act wasRead MoreAnalysis Of The American Revolutionary War 943 Words   |  4 Pagesabout, especially to a patriotic citizen, sadly it is full of myths and exaggerations and at times outright lies. The very motive for the war has been twisted through the years to make the fight for independence a more beautiful story. In the late 1770’s several important people â€Å"found that by creating a nation, a symbol, a legal unity called the United States, they could take over land, profits, and political power from favorites of the British Empire. In the process, th ey could hold back a number ofRead MoreEssay on American History 1411 Words   |  6 Pagesit. After all, the war provided the colonists with greater protection from the natives, and now had more land that had been conquered from France. Colonists in the early 1700’s were English subjects. As Englishmen, they were entitled to certain rights. One of these rights was there was to be â€Å"no taxation without representation†. Due to the vast distance England was from the colonies, it was impossible to have a colonist represent the colonies in Parliament; therefore they should not have to pay taxesRead MoreEssay about Birth of the Republic1560 Words   |  7 PagesBirth of the Republic Edmund S. Morgan Notes James Otis – 1765 â€Å"Were these colonies left to themselves tomorrow, America would be a mere shambles of blood and confusion . . . . there would soon be civil war from one end of the continent to the other.† 20 years later these same people united to create a government that has had a longer continuous existence than that of any Western country except England. P. 8 - Colonial governors helpless to take action without the assistance of the representativeRead MoreBoston Tea Party Book. . . Chapter 1: Revolutionary990 Words   |  4 PagesPatriots would lose. Boston Massacre The Boston Massacre was a shooting in boston by the British soldiers which happened in March 5, 1770, The British while attacked by a mob without order and shot at the crowd killing 3, 2 more people died later by wounds caused by this. The men that were found guilty of shooting the citizens without command were sentenced to a branding on there hand. (Branding is to mark someone hand with an iron and it is very painful). Battle Of Lexington and Concord The Battle ofRead MoreOrder Of Colonization Of The Colonies1807 Words   |  8 Pagesnatives and and allowed religious freedom, was joined by Anne Hutchinson who believed that salvation required more than good deeds Pennsylvania: the Quakers were seen as radicals because of their pacifist and equality beliefs, they believed that a person s soul is responsible for religion, not a bible, etc., were persecuted for their beliefs; William Penn’s father was an admiral for the king, and left his son incredible wealth, and because the royal family owed the Penn’s a large debt, they paid it inRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution1344 Words   |  6 Pagesthat shapes the individual. Thomas Hobbes s belief that kings govern by divine power was rejected by Locke. He believed that every human being was born equal and that the surroundings in the environment was what molded everyone. 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This way, the colonies would be connected through their written works that argued for their independence. They shared pamphlets, newspapers, updates on the situation with Britain, and suggestions on how to respond to each of the new acts and taxations the British issued on the colonists.With the colonies more involved and collectively organized, more and more people became a part of the patriot cause. Samuel Adams admitted that â€Å"colony communicates freely with colony†¦ the whole continent is notRead MoreThe Founding Leadership Truly Caused America s Independence1981 Words   |  8 PagesArielle Devorah Mrs. McCall AP US History 19 October 2014 Although there are debates on whether the founders leadership truly caused America s independence, or they were simply a group of elitist liberals with personal interests, without the unparalleled leadership of the Founders in the Revolutionary period of America, we would not have the America we live in today. We owe the preservation of our rights, the constitution, the branches of government, and the whole notion of independence to the

A Market Economy And In A Command Economy Economics Essay Free Essays

string(115) " old ages at a bank where involvement rate is 7 % per annum\? A = F { i/ \[ \( 1 \+ I \) n-1 \] } A = 500,000 { 0\." Construction Economics is a nucleus topic to Quantity Surveyors which will use the cognition of it for future profession judgements. Quantity Surveying is besides known as Building Economist. Therefore, application of Economics is compulsory in building sector specially to be a qualified Surveyor. We will write a custom essay sample on A Market Economy And In A Command Economy Economics Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now base replies larning will assist to cover important sum of capable country which I believe more effectual. The format of this assignment will follow the same inquiry order as given in the appraisal standard and some subheadings were added to presentation intents to better the quality of the reply. 1. Question ONE Q1.i – Briefly explicate how scarce resources are allocated in a Market Economy and in a Command Economy. A market economic system is an economic status in which the production and distribution of goods and services takes topographic point through the mechanism of free markets led by a free monetary value system. It is reciprocally good and exchange between consumers and Producers. Market economic system is besides known as free market economic system and free endeavor economic system Typically a bid system is connected with a socialist or communist economic system. Largely, scarce resources are owned by authorities or province of the society. The authorities allocates sets resources, rate of growing and marks of production inA to people ‘s wants.A The authorities will make up one’s mind the distribution of concluding income and wealth. The market monetary values are minimum alteration and queuing rations for scarce goods can be expected from such a system. Scarcity is kind of tenseness between our limitless wants A ; demands and the limited resources in the planet. Insufficient production from limited resources to carry through the human wants and demands are take a firm standing for this planetary issue. Production of goods, ingestion of goods and services in return for money is the basic construct of an economic system. Scarcity of resources shall non depend with the type of the economic system. In a bid economic system if a commercial value of such resources can be pre determined, it would be low-cost to everyone. However, the monetary value of such resource would be really high in a market economic system. Q1.ii – See the undermentioned demand and supply informations of Product X. Price ( Rs. ) Demand Quantity ( Units ) Supply Quantity ( Units ) 10 900 80 20 800 180 30 700 280 40 600 380 50 500 480 60 400 580 70 300 680 80 200 780 Table 1 Use a graph paper to pull the demand and supply curves for Product X and find the followers Market equilibrium monetary value – Rs.51.00 Market equilibrium measure – 490 units Graph 1 Q1.iii – Explain the consequence of subsidies and revenue enhancements utilizing the demand and supply curves Effectss of subsidies: – Price $ /unit Supply Curves Consumption Demand Curves S Sub P s ‘ Phosphorus P s Q s ‘ Q Second Graph 2 Supply curve will switch to the right in Subsidies on production until the perpendicular distance between the 2 curves is equal to the per unit subsidy. This will diminish monetary value paid by the consumers and increase the monetary value received by the manufacturers, when other things remain equal. Otherwise, demand curve will switch to the right a subsidy on ingestion. This will diminish the monetary value paid by consumers. Besides it will increase the monetary value received by manufacturers by the same sum as if the subsidy had been imposed on the manufacturers, when other things remain equal, Although in this instance, the new market monetary value will be the monetary value received by manufacturers. The terminal consequence, once more, is that no affair who is subsidized, the monetary values manufacturers and consumers face will be the same. The analysis of the consequence of a subsidy is basically similar to enforcing a revenue enhancement. A subsidy is simply a negative revenue enhancement. Subsidy consequence will switch the supply curve downward by the sum of the subsidy. Efficaciously this causes an addition in supply. Effectss of revenue enhancements: – Impact of a 50 cents Tax Levied on Buyers Supply – S1 Monetary value of Ice Cream Cone Measure of Ice Cream Cone Equilibrium without revenue enhancement Equilibrium with revenue enhancement $ 3.30 $ 3.00 $ 2.80 Monetary value purchasers pay Monetary value without revenue enhancement Monetary value Sellerss receive 0 90 100 D1 D2 Graph 3 Taxs are used to raise money for the authorities Taxs are discourage market activity When a good is taxed, the measure sold is smaller Buyer and Sellerss portion the revenue enhancement load Who bears the load of revenue enhancement the most Q1.iv.a – Briefly explain the undertaking appraisal method of Net Present Value ( NPV ) method The Net Present Value of a undertaking is the amount of present values of discounted benefits and costs ( A negative value can anticipate as the cost here ) In general it is the difference among hard currency flows in present and future. Once the all future hard currency in subtraction, present hard currency out of the undertaking, the terminal consequence would give the NPV. NPV is a cardinal tool in discounted hard currency flow analysis to measure long-run undertakings and besides it is a standard method for utilizing the clip value of money. 56bdc7353b83add5f8b9bf9ab910465e.png When, t = the clip of hard currency flow, one = price reduction rate, Rt = net hard currency flow Q1.iv.b – A building company wishes to put aside adequate money today in an involvement bearing history to hold $ 100,000 five old ages from now for the purchase of a replacing piece of equipment. If the company can have 12 % involvement on the investing, how much should be set aside now to accrue the $ 100,000 five old ages from now? F = P ( 1 + I ) N P = F / ( 1+i ) N P = 100,000 / ( 1+0.12 ) 5 = $ 56,742.69 Q1.iv.c – What is the one-year sedimentation that has to be made at the terminal of twelvemonth if Rs. 500,000 is to be accumulated after 15 old ages at a bank where involvement rate is 7 % per annum? A = F { i/ [ ( 1 + I ) n-1 ] } A = 500,000 { 0.07/ [ ( 1 + 0.07 ) 15-1 ] } A = Rs. 19,897.31 2. QUESTION TWO Q2.i – Briefly explain the four market constructions you have studied. There are four classs of market construction exist in an economic sciences. Perfect Structures Monopolistic Competition Oligopoly Monopoly Perfect Structure This is a conjectural economic system in which no consumer or manufacturer has any market power to take a firm stand the monetary values described perfect construction. This sort of market based on six premises. Atomicity. Homogeneity. Perfect and complete information. Equal entree. Free entry. Individual purchasers and Sellerss act independently Monopolistic Competition Monopolistically Competition house acts like a monopolizer. The house will be able to act upon the market monetary value of its merchandise by altering the production rate of the merchandise. There are four sub features of a Monopolistic Competition market. Many consumers and manufacturers in a given market Non-price differences among the rival ‘s merchandises can be preserved by consumers. Barriers to entry and issue to the market. Degree of control over monetary value to manufacturers The features of monopolistically competitory market are about the same as in perfect competition, with the freedom of heterogenous merchandises, and that monopolistic competition involves a great trade of non-price competition. Oligopoly Market or industry is dominated by a little figure of Sellerss in an Oligopoly market. The determination of one house influence, and are influenced by the determination of other houses. This involves higher hazard of collusion in markets and industries. Monopoly Monopoly exists in an economic system when a specific person or endeavor has sufficient control over a peculiar service or merchandise. That will do to find the footings on which other persons shall hold entree to it significantly. Largely, in monopoly economic system, the authorities statute laws restrict to come in in to the monopoly market. In Sri Lanka, there was a period, where Shell gas had a monopoly control over domestic gas monetary values which the demand side suffers lot due to monetary value hiking. Q2.ii – Do you believe a monopoly is good for the society? In what peculiar state of affairs a monopoly would be appropriate? Discuss Monopoly economic system will non give a competitory monetary value for clients for a good or service. This happen specially the control over the monopoly Markss retain with private sector. Therefore, clients largely suffer if the monopoly is under private sector control. However, an economic system over public sector control would do different status towards clients. Such organisation will stand as none net income organisations. The purpose is established towards public satisfaction. Railway section, postal service, toll roads are illustrations for monopoly services provides by the authorities for the low-cost value. Q2.iii – The undermentioned tabular array gives the labor input per twenty-four hours and the end product per twenty-four hours of a certain undertaking carried out by a Contractor. Complete the following table demoing the contractor ‘s economic costs. Assume the day-to-day pay rate per worker is ?50 Labour per twenty-four hours Output per twenty-four hours Fringy Merchandise Variable Cost Average Cost Fringy Cost 0 0 1 5 5 50 10.00 50 2 12 7 100 8.33 50 3 20 8 150 7.50 50 4 31 11 200 6.45 50 5 40 9 250 6.25 50 6 46 6 300 6.52 50 7 50 4 350 7.00 50 8 52 2 400 7.69 50 Table 2 Pull the graph of variable cost curve Graph 4 Pull the graph of fringy and mean cost curves ( on one graph ) Graph 5 3. QUESTION THREE Q3.i – In what manner does the building industry differ from the fabrication industry? Explain your reply with appropriate illustrations. Manufacturing tends to do the same merchandise over and over called as line production. But building makes a alone merchandise, one at a clip. Soap Manufacture would bring forth 100s of soaps per twenty-four hours and it would go on. But building a edifice is alone and a one end of 100s yearss attempt. Once the building work is completed, it moves to following location in a certain clip period. But Manufacturing is go oning in a lasting topographic point like mills, workshops or paces which will non alter the location clip to clip under normal fortunes. Builder will travel to new site after passing over the old undertaking to its proprietor. A undertaking for today could be in Galle whilst the following undertaking in following twelvemonth in Kandy to the same contractor. The building merchandise would devour a long clip before it reaches to concluding result. But fabricating is required short clip. To finish the southern freeway it took 12 old ages from Galle to Colombo. But to fabricate vehicle suites to go in main road may merely take few hours in a large Fabrication pace in Japan The building industry is more consequence oriented. The client concern and ever insist to keep the consequence in to his demand. In fabrication industry, the client or end-user engagement is really rare. The fabrication industry is more with procedure oriented. The workers purpose is to keep the procedure, efficiency and efficaciously towards what they produce. Construction of a land grade edifice, client will name his squad to do certain the undertaking is being delivered in to his demand. But in fabricating a computing machine, no 1 knows who is the terminal user or who is traveling to have it. So the quality is fixed and end-user must follow with available quality. Potential change can be happened during building. But in fabrication is pre defined. So no alterations would go on unless otherwise, bring forthing a new merchandise with different marks. Typical house contraction, the proprietor may wants to alter the original design clip to clip. But in fabricating paracetamal tablet will ne’er alter its ingredients. Manufacturing points are off the shelf but building is non. An point which has been manufactured can be purchased from a store. But building undertaking would non be available due to mainly the cost of making so. Q3.ii – Explain the importance of authorities intercession in the building industry with appropriate illustrations. Government intercession to the building industry is more of import due to Nemours grounds. In Sri Lanka, Institute for Construction Training And Development ( ICTAD ) has been established as the regulative organic structure for Construction Industry. So it will do a clear image how Sri Lankan authorities has intervened to the industry. To do certain the building would non harm the environment and pubic: – As a consequence of improper building behaviours and Acts of the Apostless, it would potentially foul the environment and injury to the public public assistance. To supervise or to modulate such from building activities, it is compulsory engagement of authorities for building industry. To do certain the building is suite with town program: – As a consequence of hapless planning, the metropolis country would be supplying best service choices to public convenience. Therefore, it is of import the building site to follow with town program. To avoid corruptness and to do certain the terminal user or client gets the best value for his money Construction is the most reasonable factor behind a development of a state. In the manner for development, the positive influence to promote the building by a authorities will do a important part towards a developed state. To do certain the authorities is gaining due revenue enhancements: – The chief income for a authorities is revenue enhancements. Every different industry, merchandise, or services, authorities will hold its ain part of income as revenue enhancements. To do certain the authorities is acquiring due revenue enhancements for the contraction, the intercession is of import. Particular grants: – In Sri Lanka, as an action to promote the building industry, authorities has non charged revenue enhancements against the contraction vehicles. Government ever to do certain the cement monetary value of the state to remain in a low-cost zone for the populace. Education degree and Construction Professionals: – By bettering the instruction system and increasing the Construction Profession in university plan is besides a good intercession by authorities to do the industry live in the state. Duties of Regulatory Body: – Contractors are registered in the ICTAD to make the trust on building clients. Price bulletin publish by authorities besides help to cipher the sum of existent monetary value escalation within a concern period. 4. Decision This appraisal was significantly enhanced my cognition towards the Construction Economics topic. Some countries are really of import like for Net Present Value non merely merely for a Quantity Surveyor or Economist, but for any sensible adult male who make investing or do any minutess with a bank to set up or be after the investings efficaciously. I strongly believe that I will be able to use the cognition on the topic to confront future challenges on the profession. The all inquiries were answered and provided all sufficient information as required. . 5. Recommendation The inquiry base reply format will be given a more specific testing of pupil ‘s cognition. The inquiries were asked in this appraisal have been covered more of import country of jurisprudence and contract. Knowledge and minimizing on some of import theories are of import to any profession. Therefore, I suggest adding the Economicss topics to other suited professional instruction systems. How to cite A Market Economy And In A Command Economy Economics Essay, Essay examples

Organisational Change Management Management Studies

Question: Discuss about theOrganisational Change Management for Management Studies. Answer: Case Background The case reflects on a decision undertaken by an Australian University for merging three departments viz. Economics, Accounting Finance and also Management Studies for forming a separate Business School. The setting up of the Business School was carried out by the Australian University for covering up the annual deficit of the university. The annual deficit that was quite low during the formation of the Business School is currently recorded at around $200k. The economics departments current deficit amount is recorded at $750k. The growing deficit amount of the Economics Department is observed to account for specific reasons like the staffs bearing an unrealistic opinion about their own that affects the incorporation of new and effective teaching methods. Further, maximum of the experienced and effective staffs operating in the Economics Department are observed to be effectively promoted to higher grades in the Australian University thereby making the stated department suffer from sho rtage of trained and potential staffs. Only six members of average age 58 years are observed to be the long-serving category staffs but are evaluated to be unproductive in nature. All the above factors thus potentially contribute in making the Economics Department as the source of the annual deficit faced by the University. The teaching practices continued at the Economics Department were carried out by the staffs in a committed fashion. However, the staffs declined to follow the formal review and quality assurance practices carried out by the University authorities and rather focused on adhering to their informal practices regarding management and student affairs. The staffs of the Economics Department restrained from meeting the standards by the Universitys quality assurance department in that they viewed the practices to be bureaucratic in nature. Adherence made by the Economics Department to non-standardised and informal practices contributed in generation of low scores by the University Review Team regarding the aspect of student support and quality teaching. The gaining of low scores by the Economics Department also affected the situation of the other two departments like Accounting and Finance and also Management Studies. The staffs belonging to the Accounting and Finance Department though tend to reflect increased morale and commitment in generating quality teaching services yet they fail to work in an integrated fashion with other staffs operating across other departments of the Business School. The same tends to limit their scope of performance within the Business School. The Accounting and Finance Department compared to the Economics Department tends to reflect a culture for carrying out essential research in the respective field. The staffs of the Accounting and Finance Department reflect increased commitment on conducting research activities rather than focusing on rendering of teaching services. At the very outset, the Management Studies Department reflect a shortage of manpower resources such that where the academic staffs record a growth from 13 to 16 the number of students on the contrary reflect increased growth from 265 to 318. The mismatch recorded between the levels of supply of management teachers compared to the increased flow of students in the Management Unit tends to generate increased pressure on the academic staffs operating in the stated department. The staffs operating in the Management Department increasingly complain of lack of needed motivation and encouragement from their Department Heads. The staffs of the Management Department further complain that revenues generated by the teaching services provided by them are generally used by the business school authorities for recruiting new appointees associated with the Accounts and Finance Department and also in meeting the deficit generated by the Economics Department. The above facts tend to significantly affe ct the morale of the staffs and thus cause a decline in the performance and productivity parameters. The Management Department of the Business School though reflects existence of effective teaching and research potentials yet the same tends to suffer from the problem associated with retention of quality researchers for lack of potential financial opportunities. The Management Department observes that owing to the lack of quality teaching staffs in the Management domain it would not be possible to transfer the teaching staffs from the teaching to the research wing of the business school. Analysis Case Issues The study of the Business School case reflects on potential issues faced by the B-School as a whole and also the three main departments like Economics, Accounting and Finance and also the Management Studies constituting the B-School. The Business School as a whole reflect the problem associated with increased deficits that rose from a nominal amount from the period of its inception to $200k during the current period. The Economics Department of the Business School is identified as the potential contributor to the increased deficit amount of the management institution. Further, the B-School also reflects other holistic issues like the failure of the different departments in generating cost-effective innovation strategies for enhancing the quality of the teaching provided by them. Further, the academic staffs associated with the different departments in the B-School increasingly complain that owing to the lack of effective support staffs they are required to be potentially involved with activities concerning admissions, examination, setting of timetables and also with other types of administrative activities. The lack of potential integration among the different departments and units in the B-School requires the in dividual units to focus on the development of internal administrative offices that would cater to the admission and other official requirements. Further, the lack of integration between the different departments affects and limits the scope of development of educational programs related to the amalgamation of two units like Economics with Management, Management with Accounting and Finance and also Economics with Accounting and Finance. The lack of existence of the above programs thus fails to attract considerable number of students to the B-School. It thereby affects the potential of the B-School to earn needed revenue and develop an effective presence in the educational industry. The Economics Department of the Business School is identified with gross issues like lack of experienced, committed and productive staffs and also the adherence to their traditional informal approaches associated regarding management of student and teaching affairs. The lack of needed support and conducts from the Economics Department staffs for getting effectively prepared to be reviewed by the Quality Assurance Team of the University happened to generate low scores both for the Economics Department and also for the B-School as a whole. The low quality management scores associated with teaching review and student support also affected the position of the other two departments like Accounting and Finance and also the Management Studies. The Accounting and Finance Department of the B-School reflect potential issues associated with the lack of effective integration with the other departments like Economics and Management Studies. The failure of the accounting and finance staffs in carrying out effective integration with the other departments tends to affect their productivity and potential in generation of effective teaching guidance and support to the students. The Management Department of the Business School reflects potential issues associated with the lack of needed morale owing to lack of effective recognition by the B-School authorities regarding the teaching activities generated by them to the students. The staffs also complain of another issue where the revenue generated by the teaching services provided by them is mainly used in meeting the deficits incurred by the Economics Department. Further, the Management staffs also reflect of another potential issue associated with potential mismatch related to the limited number of teaching staffs compared to the growing number of students on an annual basis. The lack of the number of effective teaching staffs in the Management Department of the Business School is also observed to significantly reduce the chances and interest of the academic staffs in pursuing research in the management field. The above issue thereby significantly affects the productivity and performance of the staffs. Problem Analysis and Justification The lack of quality and potential teachers in the different academic departments like Economics, Accounting and Finance and also Management is identified as a potential problem in that it affects the reputation of the B-School in the greater market and thus reduces the scope for gaining of quality students (Rolstadas, 2012). Similarly, the lack of effective regulatory mechanisms for reviewing the quality and performance of teaching staffs and also support mechanisms in place tends to contribute in retaining and enhancing the fear of the academic staffs regarding rigid guidelines of the universities(Hessle, 2016). The existence of proper quality guidelines and conducts would help in enhancing the productivity of the teaching and support mechanisms (Cardy Leonard, 2014). Alternative Solutions Different types of alternative solutions can be undertaken by the B-School for attracting of potential students from the market. The management of the B-School needs to effectively focus on the integration of the three different departments like Economics, Accounting and Finance and also Management such that it would help in the development of a common support unit catering for admission and exam related activities(Rolstadas, 2012). The generation of the same would not only help in reducing the need for academic staffs to be involved in administrative activities but also in reducing the cost of the institution relating to the appointment of administrative staffs (Momba, 2014). The management needs to focus on the development of effective codes of conduct and administrative policies that would require the staffs of the accounting and finance department to honour and follow the university directives associated with the evaluation of the quality review of the teaching and student suppor t programs (Cardy Leonard, 2014). The development of an integrated framework would potentially assist the B-School authorities for involving the staffs of the different departments for generation of the right kind of policy framework to generate review mechanisms as required by the University (Rao, 2016). Gaining of higher scores related to the quality review would effectively help the B-School as a whole for gaining educational grants and funds. The management of the B-School is also required to focus on the enhancement of academic staffs through appointment of new and effective staffs along the three main departments(Pulakos, 2009). The inclusion of new and effective academic staffs would contribute in enhancing the educational productivity of the institution. Further, the B-School management is also required to effectively focus on the development of a novice program including all three or any two of the different departments. The new academic program visualised needs to be effe ctively implemented and promoted through the use of multichannel marketing and promotional channels both traditional and digital in nature. The same would help the B-School in promoting and marketing its presence in the management educational market (Chew, 2012 ). Recommendations Out of the different solutions enlisted above the management of the B-School is needed to give increased priority to the aspect of integrating the different departments and functional units (Marr Gray, 2012). The same would not only contribute in generation of a new academic program reflecting increased social and business value but also in reducing the cost of the educational institution relating to the requirement of appointment of new academic staffs (Osman, 2013).. Implementation The above recommendation can be potentially implemented by the Business School through development of formal training programs such that the same would help in enhancement of the cross-functional potential of the different staffs (Mone London, 2014). Training programs are required to be developed for helping the academic staffs related to the Economics Department to gain working knowledge of management subjects associated to marketing and human resources and also accounting and finance while for the Accounts and Finance Department Staffs to be acquainted with the aspects of Financial Management (Marr Gray, 2012). Development of Train the Teacher program would ideally contribute in generation of effective modules to enhance the cross-functional know-how of the academic staffs (Ashdown, 2014). References Ashdown, L., 2014. Performance Management. United States : Kogan Page Publishers. Cardy, R. Leonard, B., 2014. Performance Management: Concepts, Skills and Exercises. New York : Routledge. Chew, E.K., 2012. Knowledge Driven Service Innovation and Management: IT Strategies for Business Alignment and Value Creation: IT Strategies for Business Alignment and Value Creation. United Kingdom : IGI Global. Hessle, S., 2016. 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